Understanding Schizophrenia: Breaking the Myths, Building Compassion

Schizophrenia is one of the most misunderstood mental health conditions, and because of that, those living with it often face not just the challenges of the condition itself, but also damaging stigma, stereotypes, and discrimination.

It’s time we changed the conversation.

What is Schizophrenia?

Schizophrenia is a long-term mental health condition that can affect a person’s perception of reality. It may cause a range of symptoms, including:

• Hallucinations – seeing, hearing, or sensing things that aren’t there (often hearing voices)

• Delusions – fixed beliefs that may not reflect reality (e.g., believing someone is following them)

• Disorganised thinking or speech – struggling to follow or express thoughts clearly

• Changes in emotions or behaviour – such as becoming withdrawn or finding it hard to express feelings

Everyone’s experience of schizophrenia is unique, and symptoms can vary in type, intensity, and duration. With the right support, many people manage their symptoms and live fulfilling lives.

Let’s Talk About the Myths

Myth 1: People with schizophrenia are violent

Truth: This is one of the most harmful and untrue stereotypes. Most people living with schizophrenia are not violent. In fact, they are more likely to be victims of violence than perpetrators. The vast majority pose no risk to others and deserve the same safety, dignity, and respect as anyone else.

Myth 2: Schizophrenia means having a “split personality”

Truth: Schizophrenia is not the same as dissociative identity disorder (sometimes called multiple personality disorder). The confusion between the two has contributed to misunderstanding. Schizophrenia affects how someone perceives and interprets reality, not their identity.

Myth 3: People with schizophrenia can’t recover

Truth: Recovery is absolutely possible. While schizophrenia is often a long-term condition, many people find ways to manage symptoms, live independently, build relationships, and pursue meaningful work or education. Recovery looks different for everyone, it may not mean the condition disappears entirely, but rather that the person feels empowered, supported, and in control of their life.

What Causes Schizophrenia?

There’s no single cause. Research suggests it may be linked to a combination of:

• Genetics (family history)

• Brain chemistry or structure

• Stressful life events or trauma

• Use of certain substances, particularly during adolescence

It’s important to remember: no one is to blame. Schizophrenia is a health condition, not a personal failing.

How Can I Support Someone with Schizophrenia?

• Listen without judgment – Believe them. Respect their experiences, even if you don’t fully understand.

• Be patient – Some symptoms can make communication more difficult. Offering calm, consistent support can make a big difference.

• Avoid assumptions – Don’t reduce someone to their diagnosis. Everyone is a whole person, with strengths, interests, and dreams.

• Encourage professional support – Treatment may include talking therapies, medication, peer support, or a combination.

Words Matter

Language has power. When we use respectful, non-stigmatising language, we help to create a world that is more understanding and inclusive.
Try to say:

A person living with schizophrenia
A schizophrenic

Experiencing psychosis
Crazy or psycho

Simple changes can help shift attitudes, and they show respect for those whose voices are too often left out of the conversation.

Together, We Can Challenge Stigma

Schizophrenia doesn’t define a person, and it doesn’t make someone dangerous, broken, or less than. The more we understand, the more we can support one another.

If you or someone you know is affected by schizophrenia, you’re not alone. Support is out there, and so is hope.